Hair curler



Nov. 13, 1945. W LL 2,388,792

HAIR CURLER Filed Au 12, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 13, 1945. w. H.MAXWELL 2,388,792

Y HAIR CURLER Q Filed Aug. 12, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 f? A7 o PatentedNov. 13, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE I 1mm CURLER William Maxwell,Los Angeles, Calif. Application August 12, 1943, Serial No. 498,341

21 Claims.

This invention has to do with hair curlers and a general object of theinvention is to provide improvements in the construction and formationof such devices and particularly in curlers of the type wherein there isa spindle on which the hair is to be wound, a retainer for use whilestarting to roll the hair on the spindle, and a fastener to permanentlyhold the hair after it is wound on the spindle.

This invention has to do with that general class of device which is thesubject of my copending application Serial No. 498,340, filed on evendate herewith.

Curlers of the general type with which this invention relates have, inthe past, been made of various materials including metal, moldedplastics, and paper or like sheet material. The various constructionsheretofore proposed and used have had certain characteristics notaltogether satisfactory in practice. For example, metal curlers areheavy, are hard and may be injurious to the hair or to the person of theuser. Molded plastic curlers are, generally, hard and rigid havingcharacteristics similar to metal and they are bulky. Paper curlers havepossessed certain limiting characteristics, for instance, they havetended to be frail or too flexible, have not had sufiicient body at theparts requiring rigidity and have been somewhat inconvenient to handle.

It is a general object of this invention to provide features ofconstruction and formation particularly applicable to curlers formed ofsheet material such as paper, fiberboard, sheet plastic, compositions,and the like. The broader features of. my invention are applicable,generally to the formation of curlers from sheet material and althoughit is advantageous to employ a heavy tough paper it is to be understoodthat I do not thereby wish to limit myself to that particular materialas there are features that may be carried out with the use of varioussheet materials,-.even including metal. In general, the features of myinvention may be most advantageously carried out entirely with sheetmaterial, and I have by my invention eliminated various difiiculties andcosts incidental-to the formation, assembly, and handling of curlersformed of or including cast parts, wires, springs, etc.

A general object of my invention is to provide a curler of the generaltype referred to that can be produced from a single sheet of material byI A general object of the present invention is to provide improvementsin the construction and formation of the spindle portion of a curler,which is the basic element of the device, on which the hair is wound. Bymy invention I provide a spindle of paper which is substantially roundin cross section and which may, in practice, be formed by rolling asheet of material into the desired shape.

Another object of my invention is to provide a spindle in a curler ofthe character described, which is formed of light thin material andwhich is firm and rigid so it can be readily handled or manipulation bythe user. In paper curlers formed of sheet material the spindle portionis ordinarily not altogether satisfactory as it has a tendency to be tooflexible and to present sharp corners over which the hair may becrirnped rather than curled. By my present invention I provide a roundedor curved spindle which gives a true curl to the innermost portions ofthe hair wound on' the device.

Another and important object of my invention is to provide a spindle fora curler which is resilient. By my present invention I provide a spindleconstruction that yields radially as the hair is wound onto it and whichexerts a radial pressure outward on the roll of hair, keeping it firm asthehair sets.

Another object of my invention is to provide eifective ventilation in acurler formed of paper. I have provided a spindle of paper which has alongitudinal passage or opening allowing free circulation of air fromend to end and having radial openings which allow lateral circulation.

Another object of the invention is to provide a construction whereby aspindle having characteristics such as I have mentioned may be formedintegrally with the other essential parts of the device. It is possibleby my invention to provide a spindle with the desirable characteristicsmentioned without forming it separately from the other parts of thedevice.

A further object of the invention is to provide improvements in thelatch or fastening means of a curler. My invention provides a latch armwhich is strong and durable and at the same time compact and limited asto size. This is a highly important feature in a curler employing paperas the material for construction.

and a tab on one of the other parts to cooperate with the arm in holdingit in place.

Another object of my invention is to provide an improved retainer in acurler of the character described. By my invention the retaining elementmay be integral with the other parts and it may be shaped to conform tothe hair and thus prevent the formation of sharp bends in the curl.

A further object of the invention is to provide reinforcing snean s in acurler construction oi -the charactenlnentioh'edl giving the curlers along life even though it is basically formed of a cheap materialgenerally considered to b weak as compared to materials commonly used indevices of the character mentioned.

Another object of the invention is ,to'provide i in a device of thecharactermentione'd*facili tating the formation of the entire device asintegral unit. It is a feature of the construction which.I-.:haveprovided thatqthe axis-'o'f the retaining arm at or nearthe axis of. the"arm of thelfastening means so that the two parts work freely andwithoutin: any way interfering. with thevaction.ofa'each; i l 1 'Ri'lThe various objects-andreaturesof my inven tionlwilli be dullyunderstood'from the following detailed; description of typical preferred1 forms and applications of my invention, :{throughout which descriptionreference made to themecompanying drawinga in'zwhiohn I .Fig: l is; aperspective view of a curler. embodyingsfeature'ssof ''thepiesentinvention; showing the-.devic hopened out with the retaining armin'position so; that the de.vice .-is'- ready. to receive theziencr of; astrand of hair. to..-loe wound on the spindle. .xEig. a2ois aa'aplan'view ofthe blank from which the device is formed :showing:reinforcementsraddedthereto; -Figi 3. is a sideelevation ofethe;deuicershowing it intusaw-ith a rolltof hair in 1: place thereon-.Eig.--.4 is an' enlarged transverse sectional view ofazthespindlebeing a view:-.=taken-,1as. indicated by .line 1144- on Fig 1. Fig. "5is:a view similar to Fig. A showing another formiofsconstruction thatmay he used in='the= formation ;of:' the spindle. iFig -6 4 is anenlargeddatailed sectional .view f'ShOWiIlg I the reinforcementi andhinge bconstruction that i may be ;em-.- ployed in carrying outthe-invention. l:'*ig.-; Iris awiew:illustrating-the manner in which'the tab oipthegfastenihg:meansacooprrates .with the open ins-in.ztheaarmzof the: fasten-ingmeansi Fig 1 8 is 8;. plan .view ofitheblank aforaanother. formof thezi-nvention.s:Fig. 91s a viewsimilar. toFig. 1 showing.-anothereapplication oi the invention, thetab;-,-of.,-tl;1e.:.fastening means iinthis 'case' being hown. as a.continuation zoi the retainer. rathert e 113'. continuation. .ofthespindle, lasrshown in Fi 1- Erie. lilis a pl nviewvof a; device made.Hem-il lan se lqw iyi F g 8 a d; llu ratin saw eee e @i c t f' i 61 h-fee ei {ne rsf L.i. an enlarged sectional view arenas indicated byline]1-41 on Fig. loiFigfiz isjafview lai" to'Fig. 3 showing a' slightlydifferent form ofdilank. "Figxl3'is a detailed s'ectionalview'simi'- larto Figul l showing the construction produced by the blank'shown'in-Fig.1 2; Fig. 14 is a view similari to Fig. -9- showingan0ther form-ofconstruction and F-ig. '15 is -a=plan View or the blank fromwhiohthe'device showndnFig. -14 isformed. Referring-in particular'toFigs;- 1' to '7, inclusive; :of the drawings; the device of my'invention: includes; generally; aspin'dlalllon'which a :strand of hairi's to be woima in "the form ofa roll H as shown in Fig. 3, a retainerl2 cooperating with the spindle to hold the outer or free end of thestrand of hair to the spindle as the rolling operation is started, and afastening means l3 operable to hold the hair rolled on the spindle.

In general it is a feature of my invention that the various parts of thedevice are formed of paper, or the like, and preferably of a singlesheet of; paper;-- and further that-they lg'eToi-med fromasingle'iintegral sheet ot paper so "that the device itself, whenfinished, is a single integral or continuous unit. By thus forming acurler I eliminate assembly of parts and also hinge pins afidlike partswhich tend to catch or injure the It is an important feature of theinvention that the device in its finished form has a spindle I0 issubstantially round in cross section and has substantial body andrigidity, making it practical and convenient to-handl'eb'y th'e' user-,whereas-the'other part's of thedevice retain the characteristicfiex'ibility "or. softnessof the-paper out of whic'h the device isformed allowing. them to be free'ly i nanipulated during theapplicationdr removal T of the device and so that theyrdo notinconveniencethe user while on the head, andare=entirely free of danger!ofiniuring-ior irritating the person of the user. a I

The body J0, in accordance with the present invention, is curved orrounded so' that it is free ofi corners or'edgesthat may actto give thehair a formation other than a sm'ooth' curl." Ifthe spindleis leftintheforin ofa flat strip or paper or: like sheetcmater-ial it maybeused so-that-the endportions of the-hair which'are the first to bewound: onto it are bent over the! edges to be. crimped' rather thansmoothly curled. To overcome this I-ha-veroundedor curled the spindlel0,=-giving it a form free iof edges orlcorners. the embodiment shown-in'Figa 4 and:5;of:the drawings I curve or curl the body l8 from-itsoriginal fiat form-so that it-issubstantially round and'is tubular info'rm." In the formationof the spindle a fiathlank part Aisforniedas.shown in :Eig; '2. "The side ori marginalportions X of the blank part:A-are rolled inwardly hoth' toward the same-side :of f the blank; sothati-the finished spindle is'substantially' round in cross section. Inthe case shown in Fig. 4 the two side partsX are rolled inwardly andpasteach other. so? that thespindle when-viewed: in; cross section has twooppositely inwardly curled. side parts which .may adjoin or abut eachother onwhich may be spaced somewhat apart, as shown in Fig. 4.:Thespindle thus formedisfsubstantially round and :is. essentially'a'tube openat both-endsi The round tubulav-spindle thus formed presentsno. edgesior. sharp. parts I that could; crimp the ihair or.- give thehairlother than asmoothcurLand yet the constructionais suchthatras :hairis wound: onto it thespindle may yield inwardly. or radially and as thehair. dries themesilience o'fithe Imaterial ou-tofrwhich the spindle-isformed will keep. a slight outward: radial pressure on thecurl',.lree'p=ingsthe .hair'itightias'iit dries.

: :In .the form of:=the1-inv;ention. shownin the side parts'X of the:blarikA instead pfrbeing curled inwardly and down pasteachother. are

curled inwardly to-"overlap each-otherpforming in Fig. 4. .If it isdesired to provide a rigid unyielding spindle .the overlapping parts atY maybe glued-or otherwise suitably secured together. It is to beunderstood that the blank A is proportioned so there is suflicient stockto allow the desired curlor roll tobe obtained.

In accordance; with my invention I provide vent openings, M in thespindle l0. These openings maybe arranged in any suitable mannerthroughout the spindle and they may vary in number and in size ascircumstances require. Inpractice it is preferred to form the openingsI4 inthe blank as it is stamped or initially formed, as shown in Fig. 2.When the spindle is rolled or formed of a blank having openings M, thefinished construction is not only tubular and-open at both ends, but hasthe lateral openings li giving free and adequate circulation inalldirections 7 From the foregoing description it will be apparent thatthe spindle as thus formed is a sub-: stantially round rigid elongatemember on which hair can be wound, and that will yield radially andexert a slight radial pressure on the hair as it dries. It will also beapparent that the spindleis formed entirely of as'ingle continuous orintegral sheet of material by the simple expedient of forming the blankA and thenrolling the edge portions X of the blank.

The retainer I2 is in the form of an arm ll adapted to overlie the endof a strand of hair engaged on the spindle 10 to hold it during theinitiallwinding of the hair onto the spindle. The retainer ispivotallymounted adjacent the inner endfof the spindle l and is preferably madeabout'as long as the spindle, asshown in Fig. 1 of the drawings. Theretainer I2 is preferably formed so that it has substantial flexibilityand to this end it is preferably fiat or substantially fiat and formedofpaper, or the like,such as the paper out of which the spindle isformed. In the preferred construction the retainer 12 maybe slightlycurved in crosssection so that it conforms generally to the curvature ofthe initial turn of hair around the spindle, thus eliminating anyprotruding edges that might otherwise tend to cause akink in the hair.In practice the transverse curvature of the retainer l2 may be veryslight and is not such as to give the "retainer rigidity which is notdesired in this element of the device.

'If desired vent openings may be formed in the'retainer'arm. Theopenings 10 may be varied size-and arrangement as circumstances require.

The retainer is adapted tohave movement relative to the spindle ID toallow the insertion ofthe end of a strand-of hair between the retainerand the spindle and to clamp over the hair to hold it on"the' spindle.This movement may be gained through flexibility of the spindle and theremay be a definite hinge for theretainer to move about. In thepreferredform of the inventionthere is a hinge or axis about which the retainerlzmayturn and the paper out of which the spindle is formed issufficiently flexible to allow the spindle tobereadily shaped over thehair ,to be heldon the spindle.

- ln accordance with the broader features of the present invention theretainer [2 mai be formed as an independent element and suitablyattached to the other parts. However, in the preferred form of theinvention it is formed integral with the pindlejm-that is, the spindleand the retainerare formed of a i le continuous sheetof material. Insuchcase the retainer merely projects or continues from the inner endportion of the spindle [0, the sheet of material being bent along thehinge l5 as illustrated in the drawings. .The hinge or bend about whichthe reta'iner lZis movable is transverse of the longitudinal axis of.the device. .When forming the retainer l2 asa longitudinal continuationof the sheet of -material .out of which the spindle is formed it, ispreferably cut from the opening provided in the fastening means l3, aswill be hereinafter described:

In accordance with the broader principles. ofv the invention theretainer l2 may be formed with or relatedto thev other parts in variousmanners, an example of which is shown in Figs. 14 and 15.

.In those figures the retainer 12 is formed integrally with the sheetoutof which the spindle is formed but instead of being a longitudinalcontinuation of the blank A, a tab [6 is formed at the inner end of thesheet out of which the spindle is formed and the retainer i2 is joinedwith one side or edge of the tab and extends longitudinally of the blankA at one edge thereof. The retainer I2 is arranged in working positionby folding it over along the bend line I! so that its inner end portionoverlies the tab It, as shown in Fig. 14. In this case a hinge I5 may beestablished by bending the sheet material as indicated in Figs. 14 and15.

The construction shown in Figs. 14 and 15 is merely to make plain thefact that the broader aspects of my invention contemplate a variousmeans of joining or connecting the retainer I 2 with the other parts,for instance with the spindle ill, and this particular modification isone wherein an integral construction is provided and wherein this typeof construction is obtained without forming the retainer I2 as alongitudinal continuation of the spindle ll].

The fastener 53 serves to hold the roll of hair on the spindle and isgenerally in the form of an arm [8 projecting from the inner end portionof the spindle I0 and movable about a hingel9 so that it can be movedfrom an extended position where it is substantially parallel with thespindle to a position where it overlies the spindle, as shown in Fig. 3.The arm I8 is preferably a flat or substantiallyflat sheet or length ofpaper having an opening 29 at its outer end to receive the outer endportion of the spindle ID or retainer l2.

When the spindle i0 is substantially rigid as hereinabove described andthe arm l2 is -proportioned just right for the body of hair wound on thespindle, the outer end of the spindle may be engaged in the opening 20so that the fastener serves to retain the hair on the spindle. However,in practice, such nicety in the relationship of parts seldom occurs oris hard to gain and therefore I provide a tab 2! in connection with theouter end portion of either the spindle ID or the retainer I2 as a meansor element to be connected with the outer end of the arm H3. The tab 2-!is preferably adapted to be engaged in the opening 20 of the arm I8.

In the preferred construction the tab 2| is a continuation of thespindle Ii] as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings. It may, however,be

made a continuation of the retainer l2 as shown.

in Fig. 8 of the drawings. It will be understood that when the hair iswound on the spindle and retainer these two elements are held side byside by the hair and, therefore, the tab 2| can be on either of them.However, in practice, since the device the retainer l2 need notbe'held'in position as the'hair will holdit. i ."i T

When the hair' is wound onto the spindle the arm [8 of thefastening"means is swung over'the roll of hair from the position shown in Fig. 1to that shown in Fig. 3, whereupon the outer'end of the spindle isengaged in or coupled with the outer end portion of the arm l8. When'atab 24 is provided as shOWIl in the drawings the tab is inserted throughthe opening 20 and drawn therethrough to effect the desired fastening orit may be drawn through the opening sothat the end portion of thespindle I is drawn into the opening 20.

Through the features of construction hereinabove described the fasteningmeans l3 serves to eifectively secure the arm IS in .place over the rollof hair until the device is deliberately released.

Having described only typical preferred form and applications of myinvention I do not wish to be limited or restricted to the specificdetails hereinafter set forth,but wish to reserve to myself anyvariations or modifications that may appear to those skilled in the artor fall within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A hair curler including, a spindle substan tially round in crosssection, a retainer arm per,- manently secured at one end of the spindleand adapted to be moved toward the spindle to overlie the spindle andretain hair thereon and comprising a single elongate body, and afastener arm permanently secured at said end of the spindle arid adaptedto be swung from a position projecting from the said end of the spindlesubstantially parallel therewith to a position engaged over a roll ofhair on the spindle to hold it thereon and including spaced side partsjoined at their outer ends, the arms being of substantially flat sheetmaterial to have flexibility in the direction of their movements..

2. A hair curler including, a spindle substan-'.

tially round in cross section, a retainer arm secured at said end of thespindle and adapted to be moved toward the spindle to overlie thespindle and retain hair thereon, and a fastener arm secured at said endof the spindle and adapted to be swung from a position projecting fromthe end of the spindle substantially parallel therewith to a positionengaged over a roll of hair on the spindle to hold it thereon, the armsbeing of substantially flat sheet material to have flexibility of thedirection of their movements, the fastener arm having a longitudinalslot formed therein and the retainer arm being formed of the material ofthe fastener arm removed from the fastener arm by the formation of theslot.

3. A hair curler including, a hollow open ended tubular perforatedspindle substantially round in cross section, a retainer arm, meanssecuring said arm at one end of the spindle to be moved toward thespindle to overlie the spindle and retain hair thereon, a fastener arm,means securing the fastener arm at said end of the spindle to be swungfrom a position projecting from the end of the spindle substantiallyparallel therewith to a position engaged over a roll of hair on thespindle to hold it thereon, the arms being formed of a single integralsheet of material disposed to lie transverse of their directions ofmovement.

4. A hair curler including, a hollow tubular spindle substantially roundin cross section, a retainer arm secured at one end of the spindle.

and adapted to=be moved toward the spindle to overlie the spindle'an'dretain hair thereon and comprising a single elongate body, and afastener arm' secured at said end of the spindle and adapted to beswungfrom "a position projecting from thesaid'end of the spindlesubstantially. parallel therewith to a position engaged-over a roll ofhair on the spindle to hold it"thereon and including spaced elongateside parts joined together at their outer ends, the arms being formed ofa singlexintegral sheet of material disposed to lie: transverse of Itheir directions of movement, the material being folded where the armsare secured. I 5. A hair curler including,"a hollow tubular open endedspindle'substantiallyround in "cross section, a retainer arm securedat'one endo'f the spindle and adapted to be moved toward the spindle tooverlie the 'spindle and retain hair thereon, and a fastener arm'secured at said end of the spindle and adapted to-be swung from-aposition projecting from the said end "of' the spindle substantially'parallel'therewith to a position engaged over a roll ofhair onthe'spindleto LY hold it thereon,the arms being'formed of a singleintegral sheet of material disposed to'l-ie trans verse of theirdirections of movement, the mate; rial being folded where the'ar-ms ares'ecu'redg'fth folds being parallel and close to one another-Z 6; Ahaircurler including, a hollow.' tubhlai spindle substantially round incross section and open at its ends and having lateralvent openings, aretainer arm permanently secured at one-endof the spindle and adapted tobe moved' toward the spindle to overliethe spindle and retain hairthereon, and a fastener-arm permanently scured at the said end o'fthe-spindle -and adapted to'be swung from a position projecting from.the'end oi the spindle-substantially. parallel therewith-toe positionengaged over a rollofhair on 'the'spindle to hold it thereon, the armsbeing of substantially fiat sheet material to have flexibility in thedirec tion of theirmovements; 1 1 i 1 T I '7. Ahair curler including, a'hollow tubular spindle open at both ends and substantially round incross section, being a single piece of sheet ma= terial having oppositeedge portions rolled. in toward each other; a retainer arm secured atoneend of the spindle and adapted to be movedt'o-i: ward the spindle tooverlie'the spindle-and retain hair thereon, and a fastener arm secured;at the said end of the spindle and. adapted to: be iswung from aposition projecting from the end" ofthe' spindle substantiallyparallel-therewithtoa p'o'sitionengaged over a roll of i-hair on thespindle-to holdlit. thereon, the. arms being of substantially flat sheetmaterial to havezflexibilityrirrsthet.direc-e tion of their movements.

8. A hair curler having a tubular hair receiving spindle formed offlexible sheet material to be substantially round in cross section andhaving a substantially fixed longitudinal axis and being splitlongitudinally to be yieldable radially, a retainer connected to thespindle for holding hair on the spindle, and a fastener for securing aroll of hair on the spindle.

9. A single integral sheet of material having a portion rolled fromopposite edges to form a substantially round hollow open ended tubularspindle, a part extending from one end of the spindle forming an arm toretain hair on the spindle, and a part extending from the said end ofthe spindle to form a fastener arm for holding a roll of hair on thespindle.

10. In a hair curler formed of a single integral sheet.oizmaterial,rofvuniform: thickness,- two portionsrhinged togetherr'at'one-endof the-curler by a; toldinthe materiakone portion being rolled to501121158: substantially round hollow open "ended spindle, theotherrxbeing'; ahairretaining 1 arm 'to overlie: the spindleto:hold'hairthereon, a; fastenerrarmz secured ;at said end of' the curler forholdinga roll-of hair onthe-spindle, and a tab on one-ofwsaid--portionsto" cooperate with" the fastener arm.

, 11.; A: hair, curler of the characterdescribedinclndingra spindle :to:receive aroll of hair,; a retaining-arm connected tothe spindle forholding hair on the spindle, and a fastener arm connectedto=1the4=spind1efor holdinga roll-of hair onthe spindle; the;fastenerarmipbeing formed of sheet materialand havingrportions: folded:over. so that partsofithe fastener ,arm areof double thickness.

12. A .h air curler :of-:the "character described lncludingw. spindle to-receive :a roll of hair, a retaining armaconnectedto the spindle: forholding hair on thespindle,and:a;fastene1tarmconnected to :the spindlerfori'holding a'roll of hair on the sDiIIdlesfiheretainer arm'zbeingformed of sheet materialgandwhaving ventzopenings therein, thefasterenarm heingformedsof .sheetmaiteiial and havingportionscfoldedzover so that parts of" the fastener armyare of doublethickness.

13.;A hair curler including, three elementsrpermanently joined;together,a spindle, a fastener and arretainemtwo:oftheelements-being formed of;asing-lesheet ofxma-terial and :being hinged together ,bya ffold-in the;material, and a body of sheet material :secured iitO :said firstmentioned sheet-rot material at the-pointwhereit is foldedtoystiflengandrreinforce-it. i

31.4. Ahair ;curler;formed-rof sheet :material inciuding;a;part rolled:to -iormran-:open1'ended substantially around g-spindle, :said aparthaving vent openings :in "it, :a sretainer part -:oonnected withone;iendiofathewspindleaalongza transverse line of fold iiin -zthe:material, ;a "fastener arm connected with the said end of the spindlealong aitransverse'lineaot s'fold-noincidentalwith'the-first'mentioneddine of ;-fold, :the :fastener arm having 'anelongate opening left by removal "of imaterial to forr'nstheretainempart, :the .portionsofthe "fas assay-92 0neof the= arms being anelongate sheet of- 'material folded lengthwise to have" longitudinallydisposedportions of double thickness.

"16.@A: hair-curler including three connected elements, oneuaspindle-:to receive hair, onei an arm forrretaining hairon the spindlean'd" the othertan 'arnrfor fasteninghair on the spin'dle, oneof -the:arms being an elongate sheetiof material folded lengthwise and in fromopposite sideszto :have longitudinally disposed portions 1 of doublethickness.

'17.:aA-haircurler includingthreefconnected' elements, one :a sp'indleto l'receivefhair, one "an arm for retaining hair on the spindle and-theother::an--arm:for fastening hair on thespindle, one of thearms being anelongate sheet of material with1a.iongitudinaily'disposedzslotand-having itszside portions 'folde'din'to he of double thickness.

18.:lA3h2jIi curler including .-a spindle on" which hainis torbewound, asheet of material joined to sone end softhespindle and'including anelongate partfomn'ng a. fastener to'iovei'lie'thespindle andifasten hairthereon, said' parthavinglongitudinal zcutsiforming-a slot inisaid partand 'leaving an arm joined tosaidpart adjacent the spindle and operableto overlie the spindle to retainfhair tthereon.

l9. r-A; hair curler including: a spindle r'on which hair is t wbe'wound, *a sheetof material joined to* one end :or' the spindle andincluding an elongate: partforming'a fastener to overlie the spindleand. fast-en lhair" thereon, saicPpart having longitudinal cuts formingaslot-in said part and leaving an arm joined to said part1 adjacent thespindle and operable to overliethe spindle to retain=hair =thereon,theporti'onsof'said part at thesides of'the slot-being folded "oven-to beof double*thickness.

20; A hair curler comprising Ea "single integral sheet of materialhaving Ta. :spindleiportionwn which hair is to be wound, azfastener armp'ro jecting-irom :one end of the spindle, said. aim beinglongitudinally slotted to form a retain'e'r arm joined to the fasteneriarm adjacent the spindle. 7

21. A ihair curler comprising a single integral sheet .of materialhaving ta spindle portion on which :hair "is to be wound. a -fastenerarm firojecting from one end of the spindle, said arm beinglongitudinally slotted to form 'a retainer arm joined to the fastenerarm adjacent the spindle, the fastener arm "being folded "over atOEDOSitBSidGSEOfibhEISIOt tO be of'double thickness.

